Extradition is an international legal process used to hand over a person suspected or convicted of a crime from one state to another. This process is often governed by bilateral or multilateral treaties and varies according to the laws of the involved countries. Key aspects include:

• Legal foundation: extradition is based on international treaties and national legislation. these treaties establish the conditions and procedures for handing over a person between sovereign states;
• Extradition request: a country seeking to prosecute or enforce a sentence on an individual in another country sends a formal extradition request, often through diplomatic channels;
• Crimes justifying extradition: typically, extradition is granted only for serious crimes, not for political or military offenses. each extradition treaty defines which crimes are extraditable;
• Principle of double criminality: for an individual to be extraditable, the act they are sought for must be considered a crime in both the requesting and requested countries;
• Legal procedure: the extradition process includes various legal stages, including preliminary hearings, appeals, and reviews, where courts assess the legitimacy of the request;
• Individual rights: during the extradition process, the individual has the right to legal defense and fair treatment, including protection against extradition for discriminatory reasons;